Bare display modules bo yɛ bɛyɛ$5–$300, nkɔso ho nneɛma a wɔde karkafo board ahorow ayɛ no bo bɛyɛ$10–$450, na e-krataa a wɔde kyerɛ a wɔawie no bo bɛyɛ$800–$2,500.
2.9-inch e-ink module bo yɛ $15. E-ink monitor a ne kɛse yɛ nsateakwaa 25 bo yɛ dɔla 2,000. Eyi nyɛ mfomso a wɔde kyerɛw nsɛm. Eyi ne nokwasɛm a ɛwɔ gua a adwumakuw biako na ɛhwɛ so, a tumi krataa a wɔde gye tumi krataa asiw so, na akansi kɔm de no.
Boɔ Asase a Ɛwɔ Hɔ
Dodow ankasa no yɛ nwonwa wɔ nea ɛwɔ hɔ no mu.
Wɔ awiei ketewa no-.1.5 "kɔsi 2.9" panelswɔ electronic shelf labels ne IoT sensors-worehwɛ $5 kɔsi $20 ma bare modules, $10 kɔsi $30 a draiver boards ka ho. Nneɛma bo a wɔbɔ. ESL gua no ama dodow a ɛkɔ soro araa ma ɛma eyinom yɛ nea ne bo yɛ den ankasa.
No4.2 "kɔsi 5.8" kwankata nneɛma a wɔhyɛ ne nneɛma nketenkete a wɔde kyerɛ so. Nneɛma bo kɔ soro kodu $18–$45 ma module a ɛho nni hwee, $25–$60 a draiver boards-da so ara yɛ nea ntease wom ma nnwuma dodow no ara.
Nsateakwaa asiane baabi a adetɔfo dodow no ara di kan hyia e-ink. Kindle Krataa fitaa no. Wɔyɛɛ nhyehyɛe no yiye wɔ mfe dunum mu. Eyi ne e-akenkanfo gyinapɛn, na bo a wɔbɔ no da saa onyin no adi: $30 kosi $65 ma module no, $45 kosi $80 a draiver board ka ho. Ɛnyɛ nea ne bo yɛ mmerɛw, nanso ɛnyɛ nea ɛyɛ abufuw. Woretua bɛyɛ $5–$10 wɔ diagonal inch biara mu wɔ saa kɛse yi mu.
Afei ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri no mu yɛ den kɛse.
Tablet akɛse a wɔde di dwuma7.5 "kɔsi 7.8" panels-Kobo Sage no, Boox nhwɛso ahorow. Module bo huruw kɔ $70–$100, anaa $90–$130 wɔ ofirikafo ɛlɛtrɔnik mfiri ho. Bo-inch biara-fi ase foro kɔ soro. Wɔ10.3 nsateakwaa, professional e-note territory, worehwɛ $100–$180 ama module no nkutoo. Fa driver board ka ho na woatwa $130–$220. The reMarkable 2, Boox Note series-wɔn nyinaa de panels di dwuma wɔ saa adesua yi mu. Seesei yɛatwam $10-per-inch na yɛakɔ so.
No13.3-inch panels a wɔde ayɛ nneɛmatra nea adetɔfo dodow no ara behyia no atifi awiei. Nwoma Max Max. Fujitsu Quaderno na ɔkyerɛwee. Saa mfiri akɛse-format yi de panels a ne bo yɛ $140–$280 ma module no, $180–$350 ne draiver electronics di dwuma. Diagonal inch biara a wɔde bɛka ho no hyɛ sɛ wɔmfa premium kɛse mma.
Na afei nso, nea ɛwɔ hɔ25.3-inch adesuakuw-desktop e-ink monitors, e-krataa wiase no mu whale fitaa. Raw panel ho ka duu $800–$1,200. Monitors a wɔawie no tɔn $1,500–$2,500. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ntease nni sikasɛm ho nimdeɛ a ɛwɔ ha no mu, nanso yebedu saa.
Kɔla sesa biribiara.Kɔla a wɔde kyerɛ no bo yɛ 1.5× kosi 3× sen nea ɛne no yɛ pɛ wɔ kɔla biako mu wɔ kɛseyɛ adesuakuw biara mu. Kaleido 3 kɔla module a ne kɛse yɛ nsateakwaa 13.3-tɔn $449 fi E Ink aban sotɔɔ-na ɛno yɛ panel no ara kwa. Gallery 3 full-color panels a kɔla 50,000 hyɛ sɛ wɔmfa sika a ɛkɔ soro mpo mma, ɛwom sɛ wɔntaa nka bo pɔtee ho asɛm wɔ baguam de.
Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ saa nneɛma bo yi nkɔ soro wɔ mfe du mu. Saa nokwasɛm no nkutoo ka kyerɛ wo sɛ biribi asɛe.
Nea enti a E-Ink Boa Nea Ɛbɔ
E Ink Holdings, Taiwan adwumakuw bi na ɛhwɛ so95% wɔ wiase nyinaa e-krataa a wɔde kyerɛ gua so. Ma saa nɔma no nkɔ fam Kindle biara. Kobo biara. Biribiara reMarkable. Nhoma Biara. Supernote biara. Ɛlektrɔnik shelf label biara a ɛwɔ aguadidan kɛse biara mu, nnurutɔnbea biara, adekoradan biara mu. Wɔn nyinaa de E Ink panels di dwuma.
Eyi nyɛ gua so tumidi. Eyi yɛ monopoly.
Adwumakuw no mfiase ho asɛm fi MIT Media Lab wɔ 1990 mfe no mu, faako a nhwehwɛmufo yɛɛ microencapsulated electrophoretic mfiridwuma titiriw no. Adwumakuw a wɔabɔ no foforo, E Ink Corporation, no, Taiwan Prime View International gyee no wɔ afe 2009. Mfe abiɛsa akyi, wɔ afe 2012 mu no, E Ink gyee SiPix, ne akansifo titiriw biako pɛ saa bere no. Nea efi mu ba ne nneɛma a wɔde ma a ɛwɔ chokepoint biako.
Sɛ wotɔ e-krataa mfiri biara fi adwumakuw biara hɔ a, awiei koraa no wo sika kɔ adwumakuw biako mu wɔ Hsinchu, Taiwan.
Patents ma monopoly no yɛ nea ɛtra hɔ kyɛ.Core microencapsulated electrophoretic display tumi krataa a wɔde too gua wɔ 1996 mu no atwam. Wɔ nsusuwii mu no, anka ɛsɛ sɛ eyi bue nsuyiri apon no. Ɛsɛ sɛ obiara tumi yɛ e-krataa displays denam mfitiaseɛ mfiridwuma no so.
Nanso E Ink anhome wɔ saa mfeɛ a wɔabɔ ho ban wɔ patent-mu no mu.
Adwumakuw no sɛe sika bɛyɛ$150 ɔpepem afe biara wɔ R&D ho-mfinimfini-mmabun ɔha biara mu nkyem a wonya fi sika a wonya mu. Wɔ obi a ɔyɛ nneɛma a wɔde kyerɛ nneɛma kyerɛ fam no, eyi korɔn soronko. Samsung Display a ɛyɛ adwuma kɛse koraa no sɛe sika a wonya no ɔha biara mu nkyem kakraa bi wɔ nhwehwɛmu ho. E Ink R&D ahoɔden no ne nnwumakuw a wɔyɛ nnuru di asi.
Saa sika a wɔde hyɛ mu yi ma wɔkɔ so de tumi krataa ho nkrataa kɔma. Kɔla ahorow a wɔde yiyi nneɛma mu. Faster refresh asorɔkye ahorow. Plastik a wɔde yɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Nsonsonoe a ɛwɔ mu a wɔatu mpɔn. Low-ɔhyew adwumayɛ. Mfiridwuma awo ntoatoaso biara de adwene mu nneɛma foforo ba. Ade foforo biara de ɔfa foforo ka abankɛse no ho.
Mfitiaseɛ tumi krataa a ɛtwaam no ansesa hwee. Abannennen no maa afasu foforo nyin ara kwa.
Akansiefoɔ biara a ɔrebɔ mmɔden sɛ ɔbɛkɔ gua so no hyia ɔkwan a ɔbɛfa so apaw: ɔma tumi krataa ma E Ink mfiridwuma (na gye wɔn boɔ tumi tom), yɛ akwan foforɔ a ɛfa tumi krataa mpempem pii ho (a ne boɔ yɛ den na ɛgye bere-gye), anaa gye tom sɛ wɔn nneɛma no bɛyɛ nea ɛba fam wɔ mfiridwuma mu (na ɛno nti ɛrentumi nyɛ adwuma wɔ aguadi mu).
Afei nso, kyinhyia bɔne bi wɔ hɔ a ɛde mfaso ba monopolist no so. E Ink sika a wonya afe biara nyinaa bɛyɛ dɔla ɔpepepem biako. Ɛno te sɛ nea ɛdɔɔso kosi sɛ wode bɛtoto wiase nyinaa display panel gua a ɛboro dɔla ɔpepepem 150 afe biara no ho. E-krataa gye ɔyɛkyerɛ adwuma no fã ketewaa bi.
Guadi ketewa kyerɛ sɛ nneɛma nketenkete a wɔyɛ. E Ink yɛ fabs a ɛyɛ nketewa adwuma sɛ wɔde toto Gen 10.5 nneɛma akɛse a BOE ne Samsung de di dwuma ma LCD ne OLED yɛ ho a. Nneɛma nketenkete kyerɛ sɛ sikasɛm mu nkɔso biara nni hɔ. Ka a wɔahyɛ ato hɔ a wɔbɔ wɔ nneɛma a wɔyɛ-dan a ɛho tew, nnwinnade, mfiridwuma adwumayɛfo-ho no trɛw wɔ unit kakraa bi mu.
Sikasɛm a ɛkɔ soro biara nni hɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nneɛma bo kɔ so yɛ kɛse. 6-inch e-ink panel bo yɛ $30–$60. LCD panel a ne kɛse yɛ nsateakwaa 6- bo yɛ $3–$8. Nneɛma a wɔyɛ no wɔ nsɛdi ahorow, nanso nsonsonoe a ɛwɔ dodow mu no ma nsonsonoe ba nneɛma bo mu wɔ nhyehyɛe a ɛkɔ soro no mu.
Nneɛma bo a ɛkɔ soro no to mmofra a wɔfa wɔn sɛ wɔn mma no ano hye. Adetɔfoɔ hwɛ e-ink mfiri, wɔhunu premium a ɛboro LCD foforɔ so, na wɔtaa paw nea ne boɔ yɛ mmerɛ. Wɔn a wɔyɛ mfiri no to wɔn e-ink nneɛma ahorow ano hye efisɛ gua no sua.
Mmofra a wɔmma wɔn mma kakraa bi no ma gua no kɔ so yɛ ketewaa. Na kyinhyia no kɔ so.
Eyi yɛ afiri a ɛhyɛ ne ho mu den a sɛ obi de dɔla ɔpepepem pii to hɔ de du nkɔanim-anaasɛ mfiridwuma mu nsakrae kɛse bi ma mprempren nneɛma a wɔyɛ no ho nhia nkutoo a, ebubu. Wɔn mu biara nsii. Ɛte sɛ nea emu biara nni hɔ a ɛrebɛn.
LCD Ntotoho no
Boɔ mu nsonsonoeɛ a ɛda e-ink ne LCD ntam no fata sɛ wɔde adwene si so pefee, ɛfiri sɛ ɛkyerɛ sɛdeɛ e-krataa boɔ a wɔakyinkyim no pɛpɛɛpɛ.
Wɔ 6-inch kɛse-e-akenkanfo gyinapɛn-LCd panel bo yɛ $3 kosi $8. E-ink panel bo yɛ dɔla 30 kosi dɔla 60. Ɛno yɛ a8× kosi 10× a ɛyɛ fɛma e-krataa. Mfiridwuma abien no nyinaa ho akokwaw. Wɔyɛ abien no nyinaa wɔ nsenia so (ɛwom sɛ ɛsono nsenia koraa de). Wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ e-ink premium no mu denam adwinnan a ɛyɛ den nkutoo so.
Sɛ LCD panel ahorow no yɛ nsateakwaa 10 no, ne bo yɛ dɔla 8 kosi 15. E-ink panels bo yɛ $100 kosi $180. Nkyɛmu no asɛe akodu10× kosi 12×. Wubetumi atɔ LCD panels du de agye e-ink panel biako bo.
25-inch size class no da nkwaseasɛm no adi koraa. LCD panel a ne kɛse yɛ nsateakwaa 25-{8}}a ɛte sɛ nea ɛwɔ ɔfese monitor titiriw mu-ɛho ka yɛ $40 kosi $80. E-ink panel a ne kɛse yɛ nsateakwaa 25 bo yɛ dɔla 800 kosi dɔla 1,200. Ɛno ne a15× kosi 20× a ɛyɛ fɛ.
LCD monitor a wɔawie a ne kɛse yɛ nsateakwaa 25-tɔn no nnu $100 wɔ aguadidan mu, a panel, draiver electronics, enclosure, power supply, ne mfaso a wonya ka ho. Wɔtɔn e-ink monitor a ne kɛse yɛ nsateakwaa 25 a wɔawie no gye dɔla 2,000 anaa nea ɛboro saa.
Mfiridwuma no yɛ soronko, yiw. E-ink hwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ asorɔkye awo ntoatoaso pɛpɛɛpɛ. Adeyɛ no de microencapsulation di dwuma sen sɛ wɔde nsu ahwehwɛ a ɛne ne ho hyia. Ebia aba a wonya no bɛba fam, abodwokyɛre ahorow no ayɛ den.
Nanso so mfiridwuma no yɛ 15× kosi 20× a ɛyɛ den sen saa? So ne bo yɛ den 15× kosi 20× sɛ wɔbɛyɛ no wɔ nsenia a ɛne no sɛ?
Dabi, ɛnyɛ mfiridwuma nkutoo na ɛma nsonsonoe a ɛwɔ nneɛma bo mu no fata. Ɛyɛ nea ɛfata denam gua nhyehyɛe so. Sɛ adwumakuw biako di nneɛma a wɔde ma so na enhyia akansi biara a, nneɛma bo da tumi a ɛwɔ gua so adi, na ɛnyɛ ɛka a wɔbɔ wɔ nneɛma a wɔyɛ ho.
Kɔla Mfiridwuma: Kaleido, Gallery, ne Spectra
Kɔla e-ink aba, nanso ɛwɔ dɛ ahorow pii a ɛsono ne su ne ne bo a ɛsono koraa.
Kaleido na ɔkyerɛwee
Kaleido na ɔkyerɛweegyina hɔ ma E Ink mass-gua so kɔla ano aduru. Mfiridwuma no de kɔla yiyi nhyehyɛe (CFA) si tuntum-ne{3}}fitaa e-ink layer-a ɛwɔ adwene mu no te sɛ sɛnea LCD a wɔde kyerɛ no ma kɔla no di nsɛ, ɛwom sɛ pixel mfiridwuma a ɛwɔ ase no yɛ soronko koraa de. Nea afi mu aba:4,096 kɔla ahorow wɔ 150 PPIkɔla nsusuwii, a monochrome layer a ɛwɔ ase no da so ara de 300 PPI ma ma tuntum-ne-fitaa nsɛm. Nsɛm a wɔakyerɛw no kɔ so yɛ nnam efisɛ ɛkyerɛ ase wɔ nsusuwii a edi mũ mu. Mfonini a ɛwɔ kɔla no da adi sɛ ɛyɛ mum kakra na ɛba fam-resolution ɛfiri sɛ wɔayiyi mu denam CFA no so.
Refresh rates da so ara yɛ nea wogye tom ma akenkan-a wɔde toto monochrome panels ho. Worenhu sɛ wobɛkyɛ kɛse bere a woredan nkratafa anaasɛ worehwehwɛ kɔla ahorow mu no.
Aguadi-offs no yɛ nokware. Sɛ wɔde kɔla ahorow toto LCD anaa OLED ho a, ɛte sɛ nea wɔahohoro. Saturation yɛ nea anohyeto wom. 150 PPI kɔla nsusuwii kyerɛ sɛ kɔla ho nsɛm a ɛyɛ fɛ no da adi sɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw kakra. Owia hann akenkan tẽẽ-e-ink no killer feature- so tew kakra efisɛ kɔla filter no twetwe hann.
Kaleido 3 modules bo yɛ bɛyɛ sɛ50–80% na ɛboro saasen panels a ɛne no sɛ monochrome. Ebia Kaleido 3 panel a ne kɛse yɛ nsateakwaa 7 bo yɛ $50–$70 baabi a panel a ne kɛse yɛ biako bo yɛ $30–$40. Premium no yɛ nea ɛho hia nanso ɛnyɛ nea wɔbara, ɛno nti na Kaleido ada adi wɔ adetɔfo mfiri te sɛ Kobo Libra Color ne Boox kɔla ahorow ahorow mu no.
Nneɛma a wɔde kyerɛ 3
Nneɛma a wɔde kyerɛ 3yɛ ɔkwan soronko koraa, na ɛhyɛ sɛ wɔmfa bo a ɛsono koraa. Sɛ anka wɔbɛsepa hann fitaa denam kɔla nhyehyɛe so no, Gallery 3 de anan{2}}pigment nhyehyɛe-cyan, magenta, yellow, ne fitaa-a wɔde ahyɛ microcapsule biara mu di dwuma. Pixel biara kura pigments anan no nyinaa, a wobetumi apaw de akɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ no denam anyinam ahoɔden a ɛtoatoa so ahorow so.
Ɛho nhia sɛ wɔde kɔla yiyi nneɛma mu. Nea afi mu aba: bɛyɛ sɛkɔla 50,000 a ɛyɛ PPI 300 a edi mũresolution wɔ display no nyinaa so. Mfonini ahorow a wɔde kɔla ayɛ no mu da hɔ kɛse wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ nwonwa so sen Kaleido. Mfiridwuma no bɛn nea ebia wobɛfrɛ no "papa a ɛdɔɔso" kɔla a wɔsan yɛ ma nsɛm pii a wɔde di dwuma.
Aguadi-off no yɛ ahoɔhare. Sɛ wɔde kɔla ahorow anan kɔ mmeae pɔtee bi a, egye bere. Kɔla a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ-quality refresh betumi agye sikani 1.5. Fast refresh modes wɔ hɔ nanso ɛde kɔla pɛpɛɛpɛyɛ bɔ afɔre. Ɛnyɛ worehwɛ video wɔ Gallery 3 display so. Wonnyɛ scrolling mpo yiye wɔ color document bi mu.
Gallery 3 panels no yɛ nea wɔde asie ama premium applications. E Ink ntintim bo a wɔbɔ, na nneɛma a wɔawie a wɔde Gallery 3 di dwuma no ntaa nsɛe panel ka. Nanso adanse no da adi pefee wɔ aguadidan bo mu: kɔla e-note tablets a wɔde Gallery 3 di dwuma no hyɛ $500–$800 premiums sen monochrome equivalents a ɛwɔ nneɛma a ɛyɛ pɛ. ReMarkable 2 bi bo yɛ $450. Gallery 3 kɔla mfiri a wɔde toto ho no bo yɛ dɔla 900 anaa nea ɛboro saa.
Nhwɛsode 6
Na afei ɛwɔ hɔNhwɛsode 6, a ɛde n’ani si gua soronko koraa so: nsɛnkyerɛnne ne aguadidan ahorow a wɔde kyerɛ. Mfiridwuma no de kɔla asia-afiri a ɛfiri anan-pigment microcup architecture mu di dwuma, a wɔayɛ no yie ama akɛseɛ-format displays a ɛntaa nsakra. Susuw sotɔɔ a wɔtɔn nneɛma ho dawurubɔ nsɛnkyerɛnne, wimhyɛn gyinabea ho nsɛm a wɔde kyerɛ, tete nneɛma akorae nneɛma a wɔde kyerɛ-application ahorow a wuhia kɔla, kɛse, ne ahoɔden a wode di dwuma zero wɔ updates ntam. Panel akɛseɛ du nsateakwaa 75 wɔ afe 2025. Nneɛma boɔ kɔ dɔla mpempem pii. Adetɔn nam B2B akwan a wɔayɛ apam, dodow bɔhyɛ, ne amanne kwan so nkabom nnwuma nkutoo so na ɛba.
Sɛ worekenkan asɛm yi a worebɔ mmɔden sɛ wubehu sɛnea wobɛtɔ Spectra 6 panel ama w’ankasa adwuma bi a, mmuae no ne sɛ: ebia wuntumi, na akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wuntumi ntua ho ka.
Nea Adetɔfo Ahorow Tua Ankasa
e-ink gua no som adetɔfoɔ a ɛsono wɔn koraa wɔ boɔ a ɛsono koraa. Baabi a wobɛtena wɔ mpanyimfo kuw no mu no na ɛkyerɛ nea wubetua.
Hobbyist/Ɔyɛfo Tier
Sɛ worekyekye ankorankoro adwuma bi-ofie ɔyɛkyerɛ a nyansa wom, e-krataa wim tebea ho gyinabea, adwinni a wɔde ahyɛ mu-woretɔ wɔ Waveshare, Adafruit, Good Display, anaa AliExpress. Wo adetɔ a wotaa tɔ: 2.9 "kɔsi 7.5" nkɔsoɔ kit a ɛwɔ draiver board, ribbon cables, ne sample code. Bo a wɔbɔ:$15 kosi $120gyina ne kɛse ne nneɛma a ɛwom so.
Reality check: woretua retail bo a wode full markup ahyɛ mu. Mfinimfinini biara fa cut. Waveshare tɔ panels fi E Ink (anaasɛ wɔn a wɔama wɔn tumi sɛ wɔkyekyɛ), de draiver electronics ka ho, kyerɛw nkrataa, di nneɛma a wɔde mena ho dwuma, na ɛma adetɔfo mmoa. Ɛno nyinaa gye sika.
Waveshare kɔla abiɛsa kit a ne kɛse yɛ nsateakwaa 7.5- bo yɛ $50–$90 a egyina baabi a wobɛtɔ so. Saa panel koro no ara, sɛ Amazon tɔ ɔpepem pii a, ebia ne bo nnu dɔla 20 a ofirikafo ɛlɛtrɔnik mfiri ka ho. Woretua 3× kosi 4× premium ama hokwan a wowɔ sɛ wobɛtɔ unit biako bere koro mu.
Eyi nyɛ nea ɛnteɛ-ketewa-dodow kyekyɛ wɔ ɛka ankasa. Nanso ɛkyerɛ sɛ sikasɛm nhyehyɛe a wɔde gye wɔn ani no di ntɛmntɛm. Sɛ wobɛkyekyere anan-panel e-ink dashboard no betumi agye $300 wɔ panel nkutoo mu.
Nneɛma nketewa a Wɔyɛ Tier
Sɛ wo kra 100–1,000 units ma prototyping anaa nketewa-scale production, agodie no sesa. Woreyɛ adwuma denam wɔn a wɔkyekyɛ, Alibaba a wɔde nneɛma ma, anaasɛ worebɔ mmɔden sɛ wo ne adwumayɛbea bedi nkitaho tẽẽ. Mpɛn pii no, bo a wɔbɔ no tu mmirika20–40% wɔ aguadidan asewɔ saa nhoma ahorow yi mu. Panel a ne bo yɛ $60 wɔ Waveshare so no betumi anya bi wɔ $40–$45 denam distributor abusuabɔ so.
Nanso nokwasɛm no mu yɛ den. Quotes hwehwɛ sɛ NDAs-suppliers mpɛ sɛ akansifoɔ nim wɔn boɔ. Minimum order quantities de akwanside ahorow ba: ebia ɛho behia sɛ wode wo ho bɛhyɛ 500 units mu na ama woanya bo pa no, nanso wuhia 200 pɛ ma wo mfitiase production run. Bere a wɔde di kan no trɛw kɔ adapɛn anaa asram pii. Quality consistency bɛyɛ wo haw.
Adetɔfo nketewa nni leverage biara. E Ink mfa wo 500-unit order no ho. Wɔretɔn panel ɔpepem pii ama Amazon. W’adwuma no tra ase anaasɛ ewu a egyina gyinaesi ahorow a ɛfa kyɛfa a woasi ma adetɔfo a ɛboro wo kɛse mmɔho apem so.
Adwumayɛbea/OEM Tier
Wɔ 10,000+ units afe biara, wo ne E Ink adetɔn ananmusifo anaa adwinnan ahokafo a wɔama wɔn tumi redi nkitaho tẽẽ. Nnwumakuw akontaabu kyerɛ sɛ OEM akɛse tua ka$10–$15 ma panel a ne kɛse yɛ nsateakwaa 6-sɛ wɔde toto $30–$60 ho wɔ aguadidan mu. Volume pricing yɛ nokware, na nsonsonoe no yɛ kɛse.
Amazon, Kobo, Rakuten, ne ESL adetɔnfoɔ akɛseɛ te sɛ Pricer ne SES-imagotag yɛ adwuma wɔ saa tier yi so. Wɔyɛ nkitahodie wɔ mfeɛ pii-mfeɛ apam, kyɛfa a wɔahyɛ ho bɔ, amanne kwan so nkyerɛkyerɛmu, ne boɔ a ankorankoro adetɔfoɔ renhunu da. Nsonsonoeɛ a ɛda retail ne volume boɔ ntam no bɛtumi aboro 70%.
Saa abusuabɔ yi nso de asɛyɛde ahorow ba: volume commitments, nkɔso fekubɔ, ɛtɔ mmere bi a exclusivity windows wɔ mfiridwuma foforo so. Sɛ E Ink de panel size anaa kɔla mfiridwuma foforo ba a, OEM akɛse no taa nya kwan a edi kan.
Sɛ worebɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛhyehyɛ consumer e-reader company na wo ne Kindle boɔ asi akan a, te aseɛ sɛ ɛnyɛ Amazon brand ne ecosystem nko ara na woresi akan. Wo ne wɔn component costs resi akan, a ɛbɛyɛ sɛ ɛba fam sen wo de no 50–70%.
Guadibea a Ɛto so Abien
Sunsuma gua nso wɔ hɔ ma e-ink panels a adetɔfo dodow no ara nsusuw ho da: nneɛma a wɔasan de adi dwuma ne nea ɛboro so. Nneɛma a wonya fi mu no bi ne Kindles ne Kobos a wɔasan de adi dwuma (mpɛn pii no screens no kyɛ sen mfiri ahorow no), ɛlɛtrɔnik shelf label systems a wɔagyae adwumayɛ (store ahorow no yɛ hardware dedaw no foforo na wɔtow gu), nneɛma a ɛboro so a efi nnwuma a wɔatwa mu, ne nneɛma a wɔyɛ a ɛboro so.
Nneɛma bo tu mmirika30–50% wɔ panel foforo ho ka mu. Ebia wobetumi anya panel a ne kɛse yɛ nsateakwaa 6 a ne bo yɛ $40 foforo de agye $15–$20 afi obi a ɔsan de nneɛma foforo di dwuma hɔ.
Aguadi-offs no yɛ nea ɛho hia. No warranty-sɛ panel no di dɛm a, wodi adehwere no. Ink panels a ɛbɛtumi asɛe-e-ink panels betumi anya pixels a ɛkyere anaa nsonsonoeɛ a ɛntene wɔ berɛ ne dwumadie mu. Abakɔsɛm a wonnim-wo nnim refresh cycles dodow a panel no anya anaa sɛnea wɔde siee.
Nea ɛho hia sen biara no, panels a wɔasan de adi dwuma hwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ custom driver development. Wonnya nkɔsoɔ kit a ɛyɛ fɛ a ɛwɔ nkrataa. Worenya bare panel, ebia ɛwɔ ribbon connector, na ɛsɛ sɛ w’ankasa wuhu pinout, driving waveforms, ne initialization sequences.
Saa gua yi fata ma hardware developers a wɔn ho akokwaw a wɔwɔ oscilloscopes, boasetɔ, ne abodwokyɛre ma huammɔdi nkutoo. Ɛnyɛ ama hobbyists a wɔresi wɔn e-paper project a edi kan.
Nneɛma a Wɔawie no Bo a Wɔbɔ
Bare panels yɛ ade biako. Mfiri a wɔawie ne nea adetɔfo dodow no ara tɔ ankasa, na ne bo da pii adi sen panel ho ka kɛkɛ.
e-akenkanfoɔ anaa e-nhyɛsoɔ afiri a wɔawie no bi ne e-ink panel, nanso ɛsan nso: processor (a ɛtaa yɛ ARM-based), RAM ne storage, battery, touch layer (capacitive anaa electromagnetic), anim kanea nhyehyɛeɛ, plastic anaa aluminium enclosure, buttons ne ports, software development, regulatory certification, marginaging, ne mfasoɔ a wɔde ma nea ɔyɛ ne nea ɔtɔn nneɛma.
Panel ka betumi agyina hɔ ama20–40% wɔ nneɛma a wɔde tua ho ka no muma afiri a wɔde di dwuma. Biribiara a aka no ka bom.
E-Akenkanfo ($100–$280) .
Kindle Paperwhite ne Kobo Clara na wɔte...$100–$180 a ɛwɔ hɔma mfitiaseɛ monochrome 6-inch e-akenkanfoɔ. Premium features-kanea a ɛyɛ hyew, adekorabea kɛse, nsu a ɛmma nsu nkɔ mu-pia kɔ awiei a ɛkorɔn no. Kɔla e-akenkanfo te sɛ Kobo Libra Kɔla aba wɔ...$200–$280 a ɛwɔ hɔ, a wɔde Kaleido mfiridwuma di dwuma. ~$100 premium a ɛboro monochrome equivalents so no da panel ka a ɛkɔ soro ne ade foforo a ɛba no nyinaa adi.
Wɔ saa boɔ yi so no, e-akenkanfoɔ abɛyɛ wɔn a akenkanfoɔ dodoɔ no ara tumi tɔ ankasa. Kindle Paperwhite bo nnu nhoma a n’akataso yɛ den dumien. Botae ho ɔkasamu no mu da hɔ, mpo a e-ink no premium sen LCD.
E-Hyɛ no nsow Tablets ($400–$900) .
Eyi ne baabi a nneɛma bo kɔ soro kɛse ma e-note tablets. ReMarkable 2 no bo yɛ den bɛyɛ$450. Boox Note Air series no tu mmirika$400–$500. Supernote mfiri ahorow no gye asasesin a ɛte saa ara. Wɔ nsateakwaa 10.3 mu no, eyinom yɛ adwumayɛfo nnwinnade a wɔtɔn kɔma wɔn a wɔkyerɛw nsɛm, nhomanimfo, ne adwumayɛfo a wɔde di dwuma a wɔpɛ sɛ wonya osuahu te sɛ krataa-.
Botae ho ɔkasamu no nna adi kɛse wɔ ha. $450 e-note tablet ne $329 base iPad a ɛyɛ biribiara a e-note yɛ, ne nneɛma afoforo ɔpepem pii si akan. E-hyɛ no nsow sɛ adetɔfo retua ka pɔtee ama osuahu a ɛte sɛ krataa-, tebea a biribiara ntwetwe adwene-, ne aniwa mu nhyɛso a ɛso atew no.
E-nkyerɛwde akɛse-format 13.3-inch pia kɔ$550–$800 a ɛwɔ hɔ. Kɔla nkyerɛaseɛ-a wode Gallery 3-di dwuma-betumi aboro so$900. Wɔ saa bo yi so no, woretɔ adwinnade titiriw bi a wɔde yɛ adwumayɛ nhyehyɛe titiriw bi. Guadidan no sua nanso wɔahyira so.
E-Ink Monitor ($500–$2,500) .
E-ink monitors gyina hɔ ma boɔ-to-boɔ akontabuo a ɛyɛ den paa wɔ gua no nyinaa so. Dasung Paperlike 103 a ne kɛse yɛ nsateakwaa 10.3 no bo yɛ den$500–$800. Eyi yɛ monitor a ɛto so abien a ne kɛse te sɛ tablɛt kɛse, a ɛfata sɛ wɔde bɛda nkrataa anaa nsɛm a wɔde gyina so adi bere a wɔreyɛ adwuma wɔ screen titiriw so no. 13.3-inch monitors a efi Boox (Mira series) ne Dasung (HD-FT) no tu mmirika$800–$1,200. Wɔ saa kɛseɛ yi mu no, wobɛtumi akenkan nkrataa mũ no nyinaa wɔ nteaseɛ mu, asiesie nsɛm, anaa wobɛhwehwɛ wɛbsaet ahodoɔ-sɛ wobɛtumi agyina refresh rate no ano a.
Desktop monitors a ne kɛse yɛ nsateakwaa 25.3 no ne nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma titiriw: Dasung Paperlike 253 at$2,250, Boox Mira Pro wɔ bo a ɛte saa ara, kɔla nkyerɛase ahorow pia kɔ$2,500.
$2,250 tɔ wo pii wɔ display gua so. 32-inch 4K OLED monitor a ɛwɔ 120Hz refresh, HDR mmoa, ne kɔla ɔpepem pii: bɛyɛ $900. Mfonini a wɔde siesie mfonini a ne kɛse yɛ nsateakwaa 27 a wɔde kɔla a wɔyɛ wɔ adwumayɛbea: bɛyɛ $700. Gaming monitor a ne kɛse yɛ nsateakwaa 49 a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa: bɛyɛ $800.
Sɛ wopɛ 25.3-inch e-ink monitor biako bo a, wubetumi atɔ OLED abien a ɛyɛ adwumayɛfo de na woanya sika aka.
E-ink monitors ntumi nsi akan wɔ boɔ ho. Ɛnyɛ nea wɔresi akan wɔ features ho. Wɔretɔn ama adetɔfo a wɔwɔ ahiade pɔtee-aniwa mu nhyɛso a wɔtew so, krataa-te sɛ afɛfɛde, glare elimination-a wonni akwan foforo biara ankasa. Wɔn a wɔyɛ no nim eyi. Nneɛma bo a wɔbɔ no da no adi.
Ka a Ahintaw a Obiara Nka Ho Nkyerɛ Wo
Sɛ worekyekye adeɛ bi a wode e-ink-ntɔ afiri a wɔawie, nanso woreyɛ biribi foforɔ-panel boɔ no yɛ mfitiaseɛ ara kwa.
Driver Ɛlektrɔnik Nneɛma
Raw e-ink panels nnye dijitaal inputs a ɛnyɛ den. Wɔhwehwɛ controller boards a ɛtumi ma waveforms a ɛyɛ den-voltage sequences a wɔahyɛ no bere pɛpɛɛpɛ a ɛde charged pigment particles kɔ microcapsules no mu. Off-shelf controllers no wɔ hɔ. IT8951 no taa yɛ nea wɔde yɛ panel akɛse. Controller ahorow a efi Good Display ne Waveshare di akɛse ho dwuma. Eyinom de ka ho$10–$50de kɔ wo nneɛma ho nkrataa so, a egyina nsusuwii ne nneɛma a ɛwom so. Custom driver development-sɛ wo hia nneɛma pɔtee bi, ɛka a ɛba fam wɔ volume mu, anaa form factors nketewa-de adapɛn pii engineering bere ka ho. Wohia hardware engineers a wɔte high-voltage switching, bere anohyeto, ne EMI nhyehyɛe ase. Saa nimdeɛ yi nyɛ nea abu so.
Asorɔkye Nkɔso
Na afei waveform tuning nso wɔ hɔ-eyi ne ɔfa a ɛma nnipa ankasa. E-ink displays ntumi nsɔ piksel na ɛdum kɛkɛ. Refresh biara fa voltage pulses a wɔde ahwɛyiye asusuw ho nnidiso nnidiso a ɛsɛ sɛ wobu pixel tebea a atwam, tebea foforo a wɔpɛ, ɔhyew, ne mfonini no su a wɔpɛ ho akontaa.
Saa waveform lookup tables yi yɛ kokoam sauce a ɛwɔ e-ink display quality. Asorɔkye pa ma nsɛm a ɛyɛ crisp a ghosting kakraa bi na ɛwom. Asorɔkye bɔne ma mfonini ahorow a ɛyɛ atɛkyɛ, nneɛma a wɔde ayɛ nneɛma a wotumi hu, ne piksel ahorow a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ntɛm.
Wɔnkyerɛw asorɔkye nkɔso.Baguam nsɛm biara nni hɔ a wɔde bɛkyerɛkyerɛ mu. Ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ. Eyi yɛ adwinni a ɛyɛ sum a wonya denam sɔhwɛ ne mfomso, nnwinnade-su a wɔde kyerɛ a emu yɛ den, ne ɛtɔ mmere bi a afotu a ne bo yɛ den a wɔne E Ink anaa ahokafo a wɔama wɔn tumi yɛ so.
Nnwumakuw te sɛ Good Display ne Waveshare de asorɔkye nsusuwii a wɔadi kan-ayɛ no yiye ne wɔn nkɔso nneɛma ma. Wei yɛ adwuma yie ma prototyping ne small-scale production. Amanneɛbɔ a wɔde di dwuma-adwumayɛ tebea ahorow, panel ahorow ahorow, refresh modes a wɔayɛ no yiye-hwehwɛ sɛ wɔdannan asorɔkye ahorow a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw no anaasɛ wɔyɛ foforo fi mfiase.
Yɛ sikasɛm nhyehyɛe sɛnea ɛfata.
Ka Integration ho asɛm
Adetɔfoɔ e-ink mfiri dodoɔ no ara wɔ touch input, capacitive (nsateaa touch) anaa electromagnetic (stylus, a wɔde Wacom anaa digitizer mfiridwuma a ɛte saa di dwuma). Touch layers nka base panel boɔ ho. Wɔyɛ nneɛma a ɛsono emu biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde bata display no ho, calibrated, na wɔde ka wo software no ho. Capacitive touch integration de ka ho20–30%to panel cost so. $50 panel bɛyɛ $60–$65 sɛ woka ho a. Electromagnetic digitizer integration-a ɛhia ma stylus input pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ e-note applications-de premiums a ɛte saa ara ka ho, ɛtɔ da bi a ɛboro saa.
Anim Hann Nhyehyɛe Ahorow
E-ink nkyerɛkyerɛmu no yɛ nea ɛdannan. Wɔyɛ fɛ yiye wɔ hann a atwa ho ahyia mu nanso wɔbɛyɛ nea mfaso nni so wɔ sum mu. Mfiri dodow no ara a wɔde di dwuma no de anim kanea ka ho de di anohyeto yi ho dwuma. Anim kanea nhyehyɛe ahorow de edge-mounted LEDs ne kanea akwankyerɛ ahorow di dwuma de kyekyɛ hann wɔ ɔyɛkyerɛ no ani. Anim kanea a wɔayɛ no yiye-yɛ nea wontumi nhu bere a wɔadum na ɛma hann mpo bere a ɛyɛ adwuma. Anim akanea a wɔanhyehyɛ no yiye no ma mmeae a ɛyɛ hyew a wotumi hu, hann a ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ, na ɛhyerɛn a ɛtwetwe adwene. Anim kanea module ahorow de ka ho$5–$20per unit gyina quality ne features te sɛ kɔla hyew nsakrae. Design integration-ahwɛ sɛ hann akwankyerɛ no bata display no ho yie a ɛnka optical quality-hwehwɛ engineering foforɔ.
Asiane a Ɛwɔ Nneɛma a Wɔde Ma Ho
Ebia ɛka a ahintaw a ɛho hia sen biara:biako-fibea a egyina so. E Ink Holdings ne wo nkutoo a ɔde nneɛma ma electrophoretic displays. Sɛ wɔwɔ ɔhaw bi a ɛfa nneɛma a wɔyɛ ho a, wo nso wowɔ ɔhaw bi a ɛfa nneɛma a wɔyɛ ho. Sɛ wɔn bo kɔ soro a, wo margins so tew. Sɛ ahwehwɛde a efi adetɔfo akɛse (Amazon, ESL adetɔnfo atitiriw) hɔ di kyɛfa a ɛwɔ hɔ a, wɔpia wo nneɛma a woahyɛ no kɔ akyi.
Fallback biara nni hɔ. Fibea a ɛto so abien biara nni hɔ. Ɔdepamfo foforo biara nni hɔ a wubetumi afata wɔ bere a ɛho ayɛ na no.
Hardware nnwumakuw a wɔyɛ anifere ne wɔn a wɔde nneɛma pii ma no nya abusuabɔ ma nneɛma a ɛho hia. Wɔ e-ink mu no, eyi ntumi nyɛ yiye. Wo nneɛma a wode ma no wɔ huammɔdi biako pɛ, na adwumakuw bi a ebia wɔn anigye ne wo de no nhyia na ɛhwɛ so.
Nea Ɛba Akyi
Daakye a wobɛka akyerɛ no yɛ nea asiane wom. Daakye a ɛbɛba gua a monopoly-di so no yɛ mmɔho abien. Nanso ɛte sɛ nea nneɛma bi a ɛrekɔ so no betumi aba.
Ɛbɛn-Term (Mfeɛ 1–2) .
Wɔ afe biako anaa abien a edi hɔ no mu no, kɔla ahorow bo bɛkɔ fam nkakrankakra bere a Kaleido 3 a wɔyɛ no reyɛ kɛse no. Mfiridwuma no ho akokwaw sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobetumi ayɛ nneɛma pii, na ɛsɛ sɛ akansi a ɛda wɔn a wɔyɛ mfiri ntam no de nneɛma bo ho nhyɛso bi ba. -format displays akɛseɛ a ɛboro inches 25 bɛhyɛn higher-volume production mu. 25.3-inch monitors a ɛwɔ gua so mprempren no titiriw yɛ nsa-a wɔde ayɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ fɛ. Bere a nneɛma a wɔyɛ no yɛ gyinapɛn no, ebia nneɛma bo bɛkɔ fam 10–20%. Ɛlektrɔnik shelf label gua no kɔ so trɛw ntɛmntɛm, na ɛma wɔhwehwɛ e-ink panels nyinaa. Eyi yɛ asɛmpa ma mfiridwuma no daakye, ɛwom sɛ ESL nkɔso no so ba mfaso titiriw wɔ panel nketewa a wɔyɛ no so sen sɛ ɛbɛyɛ akɛse a ɛfa adetɔfo ho de.
Ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ kwan sɛ nneɛma bo bɛsɛe kɛse wɔ saa bere yi mu. E Ink monopoly no da so ara yɛ nea ahobammɔ wom. Sika a wɔde hyɛ nneɛma a wɔyɛ mu no gye mfe pii ansa na abam. Biribiara nni hɔ a ɛwɔ bere a ɛbɛn-a ɛde tebea a ɛwɔ hɔ no to asiane mu.
Mfinimfini-Mfeɛ (Mfeɛ 3–5) .
Wɔ afe abiɛsa a edi hɔ no mu no, tumi krataa atitiriw afoforo bɛba awiei, na wɔ nsusuwii mu no, ebebue hokwan ahorow ama akansi. Sɛ́ ebia obi de saa akwan a wɔabue yi bedi dwuma no da so ara yɛ nea wontumi nsi pi.
Chinafo akansifode asiane a ɛyɛ nokware sen biara ma E Ink tumidi no ma. Guangzhou OED ayɛ electrophoretic mfiridwuma mfe pii a entumi nyɛ yiye wɔ aguadi mu. BOE-wiase mu ɔyɛkyerɛfoɔ kɛseɛ-de sika ahyɛ DES (Digital Electrophoretic System) mfiridwuma a ɛbɛtumi ne E Ink ayɛyɛdeɛ no asi akan.
Sɛ saa akansifoɔ yi du aguadi mu nkɔsoɔ ho a-kɛseɛ sɛ-ɛboɔ bɛtumi akɔ fam 20–30% berɛ a mfiri ayɛfo nya nkitahodiɛ mu mfasoɔ. Ɛho nhia sɛ akansi gye gua so kyɛfa dodow no ara na ama wɔaka bo a wɔbɔ; ɔkwan foforo a wotumi gye di a ɛwɔ hɔ ara kwa no sesa nkitahodi mu ahoɔden no.
Ɛsɛ sɛ e-krataa ho ka a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no so tew bere a nneɛma a wɔyɛ no nyin no. Mprempren panels a ɛyɛ mmerɛw hyɛ sɛ wɔmfa sika kɛse mma sen rigid glass-backed displays. Ebia saa sika a wɔbɔ yi so bɛtew bere a nneɛma a wɔyɛ no reyɛ kɛse no.
Nsakrae a Wonnim
Nanso obiara ntumi nhyɛ nkɔm sɛ:So BOE anaa adwumakuw akɛse afoforo a wɔyɛ nneɛma a wɔde kyerɛ nneɛma no de wɔn sika bɛto electrophoretic mfiridwuma mu anibere so?BOE wɔ tumi a wɔde yɛ nneɛma, mfiridwuma ho nimdeɛ, ne sikasɛm mu ahoɔden a wɔde bɛkasa atia E Ink tẽẽ. Nanso e-krataa yɛ gua ketewaa bi wɔ BOE gyinapɛn ahorow mu. $1 ɔpepepem gua yɛ rounding mfomso ma adwumakuw a ${4}} ɔpepepem afe afe sika. Asɛm a ɛfa ɔkwan a wɔfa so de sika kɛse bɛto mu no mu nna hɔ.
So mfiridwuma foforo betumi adi nkonim wɔ aguadi mu?Cholesteric LCD de e-krataa-te sɛ su ahorow bi (bistable, reflective) a ebetumi aba sɛ ɛho ka a ɛba fam wɔ ne yɛ ho ma. Electrowetting displays hyɛɛ bɔ pii nanso wɔamfa pii amma wɔ aguadi mu. Ebia mfiridwuma mu nneɛma foforo bɛba. Sɛ ebia biara betumi ne e-ink su ahorow a wɔaka abom-nsonsonoe, bistability, viewing angle, flexibility-hyia no, ɛda so ara yɛ nea wontumi nhu.
So E Ink bedi kan atew nneɛma bo so de abɔ gua so kyɛfa ho ban?Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔn a wɔyɛ biako pɛ a wohyia akansi a ebetumi aba no tew nneɛma bo so wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so, na wogye sika a ɛba fam tom de bu sika a wɔn a wobetumi asi akan no de ahyɛ mu no abam. E Ink betumi atew nneɛma bo so 20–30% na akɔ so ayɛ mfaso. So na wɔde margin bɛbɔ afɔre de akora monopoly so? Gyinaesi no nyɛ sikasɛm nkutoo-ɛfa agodie ho nsusuwii, nnwumakuw nhyehyɛe, ne akansi mu ahunahuna ho nhwehwɛmu a abɔntenfo ntumi nsusuw ho.
So Apple, Samsung, anaa nnipa atitiriw afoforo bɛba gua so?Adwumakuw kɛse bi a wɔyɛ ɛlɛtrɔnik mfiri a wɔde di dwuma a wɔreyɛ e-ink nneɛma a anibere wom no betumi asan asiesie nneɛma a wɔde ma no nyinaa. Wɔaka Apple anigyeɛ a ɔwɔ wɔ e-krataa ho no ho asɛm mfeɛ pii a biribiara nni hɔ a ɛbɛkyerɛ. Samsung wɔ display manufacturing nimdeɛ a ɛbɛma wɔne E Ink asi akan tẽẽ sɛ wɔkanyan wɔn a. Wɔn mu biara nyɛɛ nneɛma a ntease wom wɔ saa kwan yi so.
Nhwehwɛmu a ɛyɛ nokware: obiara nnim. Nea ɛbɛyɛ yiye sɛ ebefi mu aba ne nkɔso a ɛkɔ so nkakrankakra-nneɛma bo a ɛkɔ fam nkakrankakra, mfiridwuma tu mpɔn nkakrankakra, dwumadie a ɛretrɛw nkakrankakra-sen sɛ ɛbɛhaw kɛse. Nanso sɛ ɔhaw ba a, ebetumi aba ntɛm.
E-ink display boɔ no, ɛnyɛ adwini a ɛyɛ den, nneɛma ho ka, anaa mfiridwuma mu nkɔsoɔ na ɛkyerɛ. Wɔnam gua so nhyehyɛe so na ɛkyerɛ.
Adwumakuw biako na ɛhwɛ nneɛma a wɔde ma so. Patents siw akansi kwan. Guadidan no sua dodo sɛ ɛbɛtwetwe asɔretiafo a wɔde sika ma yiye-. Nneɛma bo da so ara kɔ soro efisɛ biribiara nhyɛ wɔn ma wɔnkɔ fam.
Wɔ adetɔfo fam no, eyi ma wonya akontaabu a ɛnyɛ den:
Ennu $50ma wo nkɔsoɔ module nketewa-2.9" kɔsi 5.8"-ma prototyping, IoT projects, ne adesua. Wɔ saa boɔ yi mu no, e-ink yɛ nteaseɛ ma hobbyist nnwuma mpo a ɛwɔ premium sen LCD. Su soronko-krataa-te sɛ ne hwɛbea, bistability, awia hann akenkan-bu ɛka a wɔbɔ ma dwumadie a ɛfata.
$100–$300ɛka adetɔfo e-akenkanfo ne mfitiase e-nkyerɛwde mfiri ho. 6-inch e-reader gua no adu nokware onyin ne ne bo a ɛfata. Sɛ wopɛ akenkan afiri a wɔatu ho ama a, botaeɛ ho ɔkasamu no yɛ den.
$400–$800tɔ adwumayɛfoɔ e-note tablets ne e-ink monitor nketewa. Woretua sika kɛseɛ wɔ krataa-te sɛ akyerɛw mu suahunu ne aniwa-nhyɛsoɔ a wɔtew so. Eyinom yɛ nnwinnade a wɔde yɛ adwuma nhyehyɛe pɔtee bi, ɛnyɛ mfiri a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so-.
$1,500–$2,500yɛ desktop e-ink monitor asasesin. Adetɔfoɔ a wɔwɔ saa tier yi wɔ ahiadeɛ pɔtee-aniwa mu nhyɛsoɔ ho nsɛm a anibereɛ wom, afɛfɛdeɛ a wɔpɛ titire, adwumayɛfoɔ dwumadie a ɛhia krataa-te sɛ ɔyɛkyerɛ-ne akwan foforɔ biara. Nneɛma bo no da nea wɔhwehwɛ wɔ nnommumfa mu adi.
$3,000 ne nea ɛboro saagyina hɔ ma akɛse-format nkyerɛkyerɛmu soronko, mfiridwuma mu dwumadie a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ, ne digyital nsɛnkyerɛnne ano aduru. Eyinom yɛ adwumayɛbea adetɔ a wɔde adwumayɛbea sikasɛm nhyehyɛe, a wɔnam B2B akwan so na wɔyɛ ho nkitahodi.
Saa nneɛma bo yi nyɛ nea ɛfata. Wɔnnyɛ adwuma yiye. Wɔnkyerɛ mfiridwuma a ɛwɔ ase no ho ka a wɔbɔ wɔ nneɛma a wɔyɛ ho wɔ dodow a ɛfata mu. Wɔyɛ ɛka a wɔbɔ wɔ adetɔ fi obiakofo a ɔwɔ gua a obiara nkyekyee ɔkwan foforo a ɛfata so ara kwa.
Ɛnyɛ asɛmmisa no ne sɛ ebia e-ink displays bo yɛ den anaa. Wɔyɛ, a wontumi nnye ho kyim.
Asɛmmisa no ne sɛ ebia obi bɛbubu E Ink Holdings nsa a ɛwɔ gua so ansa na mfiridwuma no abɛyɛ nea ne bere atwam-a daakye ɔyɛkyerɛ mfiridwuma bi a ɛma e-krataa mfasoɔ a enni anohyetoɔ na ɛnni ne boɔ a ɛyɛ monopoly si ananmu.
